Transferring a WordPress website from a different hosting provider to Yandex Cloud

Run this command:

sudo apt install nano

Wait for the editor to be installed.

1. Run the following commands:

   sudo apt-get update
   sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin php-mbstring php-gettext
   

2. During the installation process, select the server to install phpMyAdmin on. Select Apache2 and press the space bar on the keyboard: the * symbol appears next to Apache2. Click Enter.

3. Configure access of phpMyAdmin to the database. To do this, answer the question Configure database for phpmyadmin with dbconfig-common? with <yes>. You can skip entering the password, the system will automatically generate it. To copy the generated password, run the command:

   sudo cat /root/default_passwords.txt
   

   The text of the file must contain the following data:

   MYSQL_PASS=DOEC21WECnhF1 
   MYSQL_ROOT_PASS=KjZKrQV7efFGk 
   MYSQL_USER=wordpress 
   MYSQL_DB=wordpress
   
   Apache Web Auth:
   login: admin 
   password: ***************
   

   Copy and save the contents of the default_passwords.txt file to my computer.

4. Enable the mbstring extension for PHP:

   sudo phpenmod mbstring
   

5. To accept all changes, restart Apache:

   sudo systemctl restart apache2
   

6. Open phpMyAdmin in the browser. In the address bar, enter http://<public address of the VM>/phpmyadmin.

   To log in to phpMyAdmin use the following data:

   User: root
   Password: generated by the system (from the default_passwords.txt file)
   

1. Run this command:

   sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/phpmyadmin.conf
   

2. Add the AllowOverride All line to the phpmyadmin.conf file:

   <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
   Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
   DirectoryIndex index.php
   AllowOverride All
   

3. Save the changes in the phpmyadmin.conf file. To do this, click Ctrl + O and Enter. To exit the file, press Ctrl + X.

4. Restart Apache:

   sudo systemctl restart apache2
   

5. Create .htaccess:

   sudo nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/.htaccess
   

6. Copy the lines to .htaccess:

   AuthType Basic
   AuthName "Restricted Files"
   AuthUserFile /etc/phpmyadmin/.htpasswd
   Require valid-user
   

7. Save the changes to the file.

8. Create .htpasswd:

   sudo htpasswd -c /etc/phpmyadmin/.htpasswd <username>
   

   Set the desired password and repeat it.

9. Restart Apache:

   sudo systemctl restart apache2
   

Now, when you log in to phpMyAdmin, you will need to enter an additional username and password specified in the .htpasswd file.

1. Open the WordPress configuration file of your website. To do this, unpack the archive and open wp-config.php in the root folder. Find the values of the DB_USER, DB_NAME, and DB_PASSWORD parameters:

   define('DB_USER', 'UsernameTEST');
   define('DB_NAME', 'database_wordpress');
   define('DB_PASSWORD', 'MySecretPassword');
   

2. Log in to phpMyAdmin: enter the following in the browser address bar:

   http://<VM's public address/phpmyadmin`
   

3. Go to the User accounts section and add a user account with the following parameters:

   • Username: Insert a value of DB_USER from wp-config.php.
   • Hostname: Leave the default value %.
   • Password: Insert a value for DB_PASSWORD from wp-config.php.
   • Global privileges: Enable the Mark all option.

   Leave the other default parameters when creating a user. At the bottom of the screen, click Forward.

4. Go to the Databases section. Complete the Database name field with a value for DB_NAME from wp-config.php. Select the utf8_general_ci encoding. Click Create.

5. Import the database from a backup:

   • In the left column, select the database you created.
   • Click Import and select the saved database backup. If the database backup exceeds the default limit of 2 MB, edit the configuration file php.ini where this restriction is set.

   1. Run this command:

       sudo nano /etc/php/X.X/apache2/php.ini
      

      X.X: php version. Possible values 5.6,7.0,7.1,7.2,7.3,7.4,8.0, and 8.1.

   2. Edit the parameters:

      • upload_max_filesize: The maximum size of the uploaded file.
      • post_max_size: The maximum amount of POST method data allowed.

      upload_max_filesize = 80M
      post_max_size = 80M
      

   3. Save the changes: Press Ctrl + O and Enter. To exit the file, press Ctrl + X.

   4. Restart Apache:

      sudo systemctl restart apache2
      

   5. Repeat the database import operation.

1. Enter the following command in the terminal:

   sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
   

2. Add the unverse and certbot repositories:

   sudo add-apt-repository universe && sudo add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot
   

   Click Enter.

3. Install the Let's Encrypt client:

   sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install certbot python-certbot-apache
   

4. Click Y and Enter.

1. Enter the command:

   sudo certbot --apache
   

2. In the interface, enter the name of your domain example.com or www.example.com.

3. Decide if you need to redirect all pages from http on https when opening a website. Select 2: Redirect to https.

4. Test your site: Enter https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=example.com in the address bar of the browser.

1. Enter the following command in the terminal:

   sudo crontab -e
   

2. In the dialog, select the first item from the list.

3. Add a line of code to the very end of the file:

   30 2 * * 1 /usr/bin/certbot renew >> /var/log/le-renew.log
   

   As a result, an SSL certificate is scheduled to be updated every Monday at 2:30 am. The result will be recorded in a log file.

1. Enter the following command in the terminal:

   sudo nano /var/www/html/.htaccess
   

2. Add a code:

   <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
        RewriteEngine On
        RewriteBase /
        RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
        RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
        RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
        RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
   </IfModule>
   

3. Save the changes: Ctrl + O and Enter. To exit, press Ctrl + X.

1. Enter the command:

   sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
   

2. Add a code:

   <Directory /var/www/html>
       AllowOverride All
       Order allow,deny
       allow from all
   </Directory>
   

3. As a result:

   <VirtualHost *:80 [::]:80>
       ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
       DocumentRoot /var/www/html
       <Directory /var/www/html>
   	   AllowOverride All
   	   Order allow,deny
   	   allow from all
       </Directory>
       ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
       CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
   </VirtualHost>
   

4. Restart Apache:

   sudo systemctl restart apache2