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Website based on LAMP or LEMP stack using Terraform

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Updated at January 22, 2025

To create an infrastructure for a website on the LAMP or LEMP stack using Terraform:

  1. Prepare your cloud environment.
  2. Create an infrastructure.
  3. Upload the website files.
  4. Test the website.

We will use the example.com domain name as an example.

If you no longer need the resources you created, delete them.

Prepare your cloud environment

Sign up for Yandex Cloud and create a billing account:

  1. Go to the management console and log in to Yandex Cloud or create an account if you do not have one yet.
  2. On the Yandex Cloud Billing page, make sure you have a billing account linked and it has the ACTIVE or TRIAL_ACTIVE status. If you do not have a billing account, create one.

If you have an active billing account, you can go to the cloud page to create or select a folder for your infrastructure to operate in.

Learn more about clouds and folders.

The infrastructure support costs for a website include:

Create an infrastructure

With Terraform, you can quickly create a cloud infrastructure in Yandex Cloud and manage it using configuration files. These files store the infrastructure description written in HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL). If you change the configuration files, Terraform automatically detects which part of your configuration is already deployed, and what should be added or removed.

Terraform is distributed under the Business Source License. The Yandex Cloud provider for Terraform is distributed under the MPL-2.0 license.

For more information about the provider resources, see the documentation on the Terraform website or mirror website.

To create an infrastructure using Terraform:

  1. Install Terraform and get the authentication data.

  2. Specify the source for installing the Yandex Cloud provider (see Configure a provider, step 1).

  3. Prepare files with the infrastructure description:

    1. Create a folder for the files.
    2. Download the archive (1 KB).
    3. Unpack the archive to the folder. As a result, it should contain the lamp-lemp.tf configuration file and the lamp-lemp.auto.tfvars user data file.

    1. Create a folder for the file with the infrastructure description.

    2. In the directory, create a configuration file named lamp-lemp.tf:

      lamp-lemp.tf
      # Declaring variables for custom parameters

variable "zone" {
  type = string
}

variable "folder_id" {
  type = string
}

variable "vm_image_family" {
  type = string
}

variable "vm_user" {
  type = string
}

variable "ssh_key_path" {
  type = string
}

variable "dns_zone" {
  type = string
}

# Adding other variables

locals {
  network_name       = "web-network"
  subnet_name        = "subnet1"
  sg_vm_name         = "sg-web"
  vm_name            = "lamp-vm"
  dns_zone_name      = "example-zone"
}

# Configuring a provider 

terraform {
  required_providers {
    yandex    = {
      source  = "yandex-cloud/yandex"
      version = ">= 0.47.0"
    }
  }
}

provider "yandex" {
  folder_id = var.folder_id
}

# Creating a cloud network

resource "yandex_vpc_network" "network-1" {
  name = local.network_name
}

# Creating a subnet

resource "yandex_vpc_subnet" "subnet-1" {
  name           = local.subnet_name
  v4_cidr_blocks = ["192.168.1.0/24"]
  zone           = var.zone
  network_id     = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id
}

# Creating a security group

resource "yandex_vpc_security_group" "sg-1" {
  name        = local.sg_vm_name
  network_id  = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id
  egress {
    protocol       = "ANY"
    description    = "any"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }
  ingress {
    protocol       = "TCP"
    description    = "ext-http"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    port           = 80
  }
  ingress {
    protocol       = "TCP"
    description    = "ext-https"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    port           = 443
  }
}

# Adding a prebuilt VM image

resource "yandex_compute_image" "lamp-vm-image" {
  source_family = var.vm_image_family
}

resource "yandex_compute_disk" "boot-disk" {
  name     = "bootvmdisk"
  type     = "network-hdd"
  zone     = "ru-central1-a"
  size     = "20"
  image_id = yandex_compute_image.lamp-vm-image.id
}

# Creating a VM instance

resource "yandex_compute_instance" "vm-lamp" {
  name        = local.vm_name
  platform_id = "standard-v3"
  zone        = var.zone
  resources {
    core_fraction = 20
    cores         = 2
    memory        = 1
  }
  boot_disk {
    disk_id = yandex_compute_disk.boot-disk.id
  }
  network_interface {
    subnet_id          = yandex_vpc_subnet.subnet-1.id
    nat                = true
    security_group_ids = [yandex_vpc_security_group.sg-1.id]
  }
  metadata = {
    user-data = "#cloud-config\nusers:\n  - name: ${var.vm_user}\n    groups: sudo\n    shell: /bin/bash\n    sudo: 'ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL'\n    ssh_authorized_keys:\n      - ${file("${var.ssh_key_path}")}"
  }
}

# Creating a DNS zone

resource "yandex_dns_zone" "zone1" {
  name    = local.dns_zone_name
  zone    = var.dns_zone
  public  = true
}

# Creating a type A resource record

resource "yandex_dns_recordset" "rs-a" {
  zone_id = yandex_dns_zone.zone1.id
  name    = var.dns_zone
  type    = "A"
  ttl     = 600
  data    = [ yandex_compute_instance.vm-lamp.network_interface.0.nat_ip_address ]
}

# Creating a CNAME resource record

resource "yandex_dns_recordset" "rs-cname" {
  zone_id = yandex_dns_zone.zone1.id
  name    = "www"
  type    = "CNAME"
  ttl     = 600
  data    = [ var.dns_zone ]
}

    3. In the directory, create a user data file named lamp-lemp.auto.tfvars:

      lamp-lemp.auto.tfvars
      zone               = "<availability_zone>"
folder_id          = "<folder_ID>"
vm_image_family    = "<VM_image_family>"
vm_user            = "<VM_username>"
ssh_key_path       = "<path_to_public_SSH_key>"
dns_zone           = "<DNS_zone>"

    For more information about the parameters of resources used in Terraform, see the provider documentation:

  4. In the lamp-lemp.auto.tfvars file, set the following user-defined properties:

    • zone: Availability zone the VM will be in.
    • folder_id: Folder ID.
    • family_id: Specify the family of a VM image with the required components:
      • lamp: LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL®, and PHP).
      • lemp: LEMP (Linux, Nginx, MySQL®, and PHP).
    • vm_user: VM username.
    • ssh_key_path: Path to the file with a public SSH key to authenticate the user on the VM. For more information, see Creating an SSH key pair.
    • dns_zone: DNS zone. Specify your registered domain with a period at the end, e.g., example.com..
      To get access to public zone domain names, you need to delegate the domain. Specify the addresses of the ns1.yandexcloud.net and ns2.yandexcloud.net servers in your account on your registrar's website.

  5. Create resources:

    1. In the terminal, change to the folder where you edited the configuration file.

    2. Make sure the configuration file is correct using the command:

      terraform validate

      If the configuration is correct, the following message is returned:

      Success! The configuration is valid.

    3. Run the command:

      terraform plan

      The terminal will display a list of resources with parameters. No changes are made at this step. If the configuration contains errors, Terraform will point them out.

    4. Apply the configuration changes:

      terraform apply

    5. Confirm the changes: type yes in the terminal and press Enter.

  6. Get the VM public IP address: you will need it later to upload the website files.

After creating the infrastructure, upload the website files.

Upload the website files

To test the web server, upload the index.html file to the VM. You can use a test file. Download and unpack the archive.

  1. Find the VM public IP address under Network on the VM page in the management console.

  2. Connect to the VM via SSH.

  3. Grant your user write permissions for the /var/www/html directory:

    sudo chown -R "$USER":www-data /var/www/html

  4. Upload the website files to the VM via SCP.

    Use the scp command line utility:

    scp -r <path_to_directory_with_files> <VM_user_name>@<VM_IP_address>:/var/www/html

    Use WinSCP to copy the local file directory to /var/www/html on the VM.

After uploading the files, test the website.

Test the website

To test the site, enter its IP or domain name in your browser:

  • http://<public_IP_of_VM>
  • http://www.example.com

How to delete the resources you created

To stop paying for the resources you created:

  1. Open the lamp-lemp.tf configuration file and delete the description of the new infrastructure from it.

  2. Apply the changes:

    1. In the terminal, change to the folder where you edited the configuration file.

    2. Make sure the configuration file is correct using the command:

      terraform validate

      If the configuration is correct, the following message is returned:

      Success! The configuration is valid.

    3. Run the command:

      terraform plan

      The terminal will display a list of resources with parameters. No changes are made at this step. If the configuration contains errors, Terraform will point them out.

    4. Apply the configuration changes:

      terraform apply

    5. Confirm the changes: type yes in the terminal and press Enter.

See also

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