Building a 1C-Bitrix website using the management console

Written by

Yandex Cloud

Updated at August 29, 2024

Prepare your cloud
- Required paid resources
Create and set up a cloud network
Create a VM in the cloud
Create a MySQL® DB cluster
Configure a server for 1C-Bitrix
Configure 1C-Bitrix
How to delete the resources you created

To create an infrastructure for your 1C-Bitrix website using the Yandex Cloud management console:

If you no longer need the resources you created, delete them.

Prepare your cloud

Go to the management console and log in to Yandex Cloud or create an account if you do not have one yet.
On the Yandex Cloud Billing page, make sure you have a billing account linked and it has the ACTIVE or TRIAL_ACTIVE status. If you do not have a billing account, create one.

If you have an active billing account, you can go to the cloud page to create or select a folder for your infrastructure to operate in.

Learn more about clouds and folders.

Required paid resources

1C-Bitrix server and database support cost includes:

Fee for Yandex Compute Cloud disks and a continuously running VM (see Compute Cloud pricing).
Fee for using a dynamic or static public IP address (see Yandex Virtual Private Cloud pricing).
Fee for using a managed DB (see Managed Service for MySQL® pricing).

This tutorial uses the trial version of 1C-Bitrix with a 30-day trial period. You can check the cost of the product software versions on the 1C-Bitrix official website.

Create and set up a cloud network

Management console

Create a network named network-1. When creating your network, disable the Create subnets option.
In network-1, create two subnets in different availability zones with the following parameters:
1. Subnet in the ru-central1-a availability zone:
  - Name: subnet-a
  - Zone: ru-central1-a
  - CIDR: 192.168.0.0/24
2. Subnet in the ru-central1-b availability zone:
  - Name: subnet-b
  - Zone: ru-central1-b
  - CIDR: 192.168.1.0/24

In network-1, create security groups:

Named bitrix-sg-vm for your VM in the cloud. Set rules for the security group based on the following table:

Traffic direction	Description	Port range	Protocol	Source / Destination name	CIDR blocks
Outgoing	`ANY`	`All`	`Any`	`CIDR`	`0.0.0.0/0`
Incoming	`HTTP`	`80`	`TCP`	`CIDR`	`0.0.0.0/0`
Incoming	`EXT-HTTPS`	`443`	`TCP`	`CIDR`	`0.0.0.0/0`
Incoming	`SSH`	`22`	`TCP`	`CIDR`	`0.0.0.0/0`

Named bitrix-sg for a MySQL® database cluster. Set rules for the security group based on the following table:

Traffic
direction Description Port range Protocol Source /
Destination name CIDR blocks

Outgoing ANY All Any CIDR 0.0.0.0/0

Incoming EXT-HTTPS 3306 TCP CIDR 0.0.0.0/0

Create a VM in the cloud

Management console

On the folder page in the management console, click Create resource and select Virtual machine instance.
Under General information:
- In the Name field, enter a name for your VM, e.g., bitrixwebsite.
- In the Availability zone field, select ru-central1-a.
Under Boot disk image, go to the Marketplace tab and click Show all Marketplace products. Select Ubuntu 20.04 lts as the operating system image.
Under Disks and file storages, select SSD and set the size to 24 GB.
Under Computing resources, navigate to the Custom tab and configure as follows:
- Platform: Intel Ice Lake
- vCPU: 2
- Guaranteed vCPU performance: 20%
- RAM: 4 GB
Under Network settings:
- In the Subnet field, select the subnet-a subnet you created earlier.
- Under Public IP, keep Auto to assign your VM a random public IP address from the Yandex Cloud pool, or select a static address from the list if you reserved one in advance.
- In the Security groups field, select the bitrix-sg-vm security group.
Under Access, specify the information required to access the VM:
- In the Login field, enter a username for the user to be created on the virtual machine, e.g., ubuntu.
- In the SSH key field, paste your public SSH key. You need to create an SSH key pair yourself.
Click Create VM.

You may need to save disk snapshots of your VM. They contain a copy of the VM file system from when the snapshot was created.

You can use disk snapshots for various purposes, e.g.:

Migrating data from one disk to another, for example, to a disk in a different availability zone.
Creating a disk backup before performing operations that can damage your data.
Performing disk versioning by creating snapshots on a regular basis.

Create a MySQL® DB cluster

Management console

On the folder page in the management console, click Create resource and select MySQL cluster.
In the Cluster name field, enter the cluster name, e.g., BitrixMySQL®.
Under Host class, select s3-c2-m8. This configuration is enough for 1C-Bitrix to run.
Under Size of storage, set storage type to network-ssd and size to 10 GB.
Under Database, specify:
- DB name. In this tutorial, leave the default value, db1.
- Username which serves as a username for connecting to the DB. In this tutorial, leave the default value, user1.
- Password for 1C-Bitrix to access the MySQL® database, e.g., p@s$woRd!.
Under Network settings:
- In the Network field, select network-1 you created earlier.
- In the Security groups field, select the bitrix-sg security group.
Under Hosts, change the availability zone for the database if required. To do this, click in the line containing host info. In the window that opens, select the availability zone and click Save.

We recommend selecting the same availability zone as when you created the VM. This reduces latency between the VM and the DB.
To make your DB fault-tolerant, you can add more hosts for it. To do this, click Add host and specify the availability zone to place it in.
Leave the other fields unchanged.
Click Create cluster.

Creating a DB cluster may take a few minutes. To check that the new cluster is available, select Managed Service for MySQL in the Yandex Cloud management console. On the Clusters tab, the cluster status must be Running and its state, Alive.

Configure a server for 1C-Bitrix

To configure a server for 1C-Bitrix:

Connect to the VM over SSH on behalf of the user specified when creating the VM, e.g., ubuntu:
```
ssh ubuntu@<VM_public_IP_address>
```
You can look up the VM's public IP address in the management console by checking the Public IPv4 address field under Network on the VM page.

Install the required software:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y apache2 libapache2-mod-php php-gd php-mbstring php-mysql

Go to the project's working directory and download the 1C-Bitrix: Site Management distribution:
```
cd /var/www/html/
sudo wget https://www.1c-bitrix.ru/download/business_encode.tar.gz
```

Unpack the downloaded archive and delete unnecessary files:

sudo tar -zxf business_encode.tar.gz
sudo rm -f index.html business_encode.tar.gz

Make the www-data user the owner of the project's working directory:

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html

Check the permissions and owners of the working folder:

ls -l

Result:

total 40
drwxrwxr-x 7 www-data www-data  4096 Jun  8  2023 bitrix
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data  1150 Nov 30  2020 favicon.ico
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data  1353 Jun  8  2023 index.php
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data   268 Apr 17  2023 install.config
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data 12821 Mar 18  2022 readme.html
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data   112 Mar 27  2013 readme.php
drwxrwxr-x 2 www-data www-data  4096 Jun  8  2023 upload

For 1C to work correctly, configure the PHP settings. To do this, use the built-in nano editor and modify the following variables in the php.ini configuration file:

sudo nano /etc/php/8.1/apache2/php.ini

Previously	Now
`short_open_tag = Off`	`short_open_tag = On`
`memory_limit = 128M`	`memory_limit = 256M`
`;date.timezone =`	`date.timezone = Europe/Moscow`
`;opcache.revalidate_freq =2`	`opcache.revalidate_freq =0`
`;session.save_path = "/var/lib/php/sessions"`	`session.save_path = "/var/lib/php/sessions"`

The php.ini file path depends on the PHP version installed. The example shows the path for version 8.1. For version 8.0, enter /etc/php/8.0/apache2/php.ini, for version8.2, enter /etc/php/8.2/apache2/php.ini, and so on.

Tip

To find the parameter you need in the nano editor, press Ctrl + W. Find the required parameter from the table above and save the changes using Ctrl + O. To exit the editor, press Ctrl + X.

Configure the Apache web server. To do this, edit the /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf configuration file.
1. Open the file in the text editor:
```
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf
```
2. Add the following section after the DocumentRoot /var/www/html line and save the changes:
```
<Directory /var/www/html>
  Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
  AllowOverride All
  Require all granted
</Directory>
```
3. Restart the web server to apply all the updated settings:
```
sudo systemctl restart apache2
```

After you run these commands, the server side will be configured for 1C-Bitrix to work correctly.

Configure 1C-Bitrix

Install and configure 1C-Bitrix:

Open the 1C-Bitrix: Site Management web interface at http://<VM_public_IP_address>/. This should open a page prompting you to install 1C-Bitrix.
Click Next.
Read the license agreement and select I accept the license agreement. Then click Next.
Registration is optional, so you can uncheck the corresponding checkbox, but leave Install in UTF-8 encoding and click Next.
1C-Bitrix will check if the server is configured correctly. View the parameters on this page and click Next.
Configure the database:
1. In the Server field, enter the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the DB you created. To find out this name:
  1. In the management console, open the folder page in a new browser tab.
  2. In the list of services, select Managed Service for MySQL.
  3. In the window that opens, select the BitrixMySQL cluster you created earlier.
  4. Select the Hosts tab in the left-hand menu.
  5. In the Host FQDN field, hover over the host name (format: rc1c-cfazv1db********) and copy the database FQDN by clicking the icon that appears. The FQDN will be added to the host name, so the Server field should contain a name in rc1c-cfazv1db********.mdb.yandexcloud.net format.
2. In the Username and Password fields, enter the data that you specified when creating the DB in Create a MySQL® DB cluster.
3. In the Database name field, specify the name of the created DB (db1).
4. Click Next.
Wait for the MySQL® DB to initialize.
Create an administrator account authorized to make changes to your system. Fill in all the fields and click Next.
Select the Information portal template and click Next.
Confirm the selection of the only layout template available and click Next.
Select a color and click Next.
Fill in all the fields according to your website requirements and click Install to start the installation and configuration of all the system components. Wait for its completion.
After a while, a notification page will open to inform you that the system is installed and configured. To start using the website, click Go to website.
You can now start working with the ready-to-use web interface in content editing mode.
To view the website home page as a user, exit your website administration mode. To do this, click Exit in the top-right corner of the page and go to http://<VM_public_IP_address>/.
To return to edit mode, log in to the website using the administrator credentials you provided when configuring 1C-Bitrix.