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Creating a 1C-Bitrix website using Terraform

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Updated at May 7, 2025

To create an infrastructure for your 1C-Bitrix website through Terraform:

  1. Prepare your cloud.
  2. Create an infrastructure.
  3. Configure a server for 1C-Bitrix.
  4. Configure 1C-Bitrix.

If you no longer need the resources you created, delete them.

Prepare your cloud

Sign up in Yandex Cloud and create a billing account:

  1. Navigate to the management console and log in to Yandex Cloud or register a new account.
  2. On the Yandex Cloud Billing page, make sure you have a billing account linked and it has the ACTIVE or TRIAL_ACTIVE status. If you do not have a billing account, create one and link a cloud to it.

If you have an active billing account, you can navigate to the cloud page to create or select a folder for your infrastructure to operate in.

Learn more about clouds and folders.

1C-Bitrix server and database support cost includes:

This tutorial uses the trial version of 1C-Bitrix with a 30-day trial period. You can check the cost of the product software versions on the 1C-Bitrix official website.

Create an infrastructure

With Terraform, you can quickly create a cloud infrastructure in Yandex Cloud and manage it using configuration files. These files store the infrastructure description written in HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL). If you change the configuration files, Terraform automatically detects which part of your configuration is already deployed, and what should be added or removed.

Terraform is distributed under the Business Source License. The Yandex Cloud provider for Terraform is distributed under the MPL-2.0 license.

For more information about the provider resources, see the documentation on the Terraform website or mirror website.

To create an infrastructure using Terraform:

  1. Install Terraform, get the authentication credentials, and specify the source for installing the Yandex Cloud provider (see Configure a provider, step 1).

  2. Prepare files with the infrastructure description:

    1. Clone the repository with configuration files.

      git clone https://github.com/yandex-cloud-examples/yc-bitrix-website.git

    2. Navigate to the repository directory. Make sure it contains the following files:

      • bitrix-website.tf: Your infrastructure configuration.
      • bitrix-website.auto.tfvars: User data file.
    1. Create a directory for configuration files.
    2. In the directory, create:

      1. bitrix-website.tf configuration file:

        bitrix-website.tf
        # Declaring variables for confidential parameters

variable "folder_id" {
  type = string
}

variable "vm_user" {
  type = string
}

variable "ssh_key_path" {
  type = string
}

variable "mysql_user" {
  type = string
}

variable "mysql_password" {
  type = string
  sensitive = true
}

# Configuring a provider

terraform {
  required_providers {
    yandex = {
      source  = "yandex-cloud/yandex"
      version = ">= 0.47.0"
    }
  }
}

provider "yandex" {
  zone = var.folder_id
}

# Creating a cloud network and subnets

resource "yandex_vpc_network" "network-1" {
  name = "network1"
}

resource "yandex_vpc_subnet" "subnet-1" {
  name           = "subnet1"
  zone           = "ru-central1-a"
  network_id     = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id
  v4_cidr_blocks = ["192.168.1.0/24"]
}

resource "yandex_vpc_subnet" "subnet-2" {
  name           = "subnet2"
  zone           = "ru-central1-b"
  network_id     = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id
  v4_cidr_blocks = ["192.168.2.0/24"]
}

resource "yandex_vpc_subnet" "subnet-3" {
  name           = "subnet3"
  zone           = "ru-central1-d"
  network_id     = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id
  v4_cidr_blocks = ["192.168.3.0/24"]
}

# Create security groups

resource "yandex_vpc_security_group" "sg-vm" {
  name        = "bitrix-sg-vm"
  description = "Description for security group"
  network_id  = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id

  egress {
    protocol       = "ANY"
    description    = "ANY"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    from_port      = 0
    to_port        = 65535
  }

  ingress {
    protocol       = "TCP"
    description    = "EXT-HTTP"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    port           = 80
  }

  ingress {
    protocol       = "TCP"
    description    = "EXT-SSH"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    port           = 22
  }

  ingress {
    protocol       = "TCP"
    description    = "EXT-HTTPS"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    port           = 443
  }
}

resource "yandex_vpc_security_group" "sg-mysql" {
  name        = "bitrix-sg"
  description = "Security group for mysql"
  network_id  = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id

  egress {
    protocol       = "ANY"
    description    = "any"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    from_port      = 0
    to_port        = 65535
  }

  ingress {
    protocol       = "TCP"
    description    = "ext-msql"
    v4_cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
    port           = 3306
  }
}

# Adding a prebuilt VM image

data "yandex_compute_image" "ubuntu-image" {
  family = "ubuntu-2204-lts"
}

# Creating a boot disk

resource "yandex_compute_disk" "boot-disk" {
  name     = "bootdisk"
  type     = "network-ssd"
  zone     = "ru-central1-a"
  size     = "24"
  image_id = data.yandex_compute_image.ubuntu-image.id
}

# Creating a VM instance

resource "yandex_compute_instance" "vm-bitrix" {
  name        = "bitrixwebsite"
  platform_id = "standard-v3"
  zone        = "ru-central1-a"

  resources {
    core_fraction = 20
    cores         = 2
    memory        = 4
  }

  boot_disk {
    disk_id = yandex_compute_disk.boot-disk.id
  }

  network_interface {
    subnet_id          = yandex_vpc_subnet.subnet-1.id
    security_group_ids = ["${yandex_vpc_security_group.sg-vm.id}"]
    nat                = true
  }

  metadata = {
     user-data = "#cloud-config\nusers:\n  - name: ${var.vm_user}\n    groups: sudo\n    shell: /bin/bash\n    sudo: 'ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL'\n    ssh_authorized_keys:\n      - ${file("${var.ssh_key_path}")}"
  }
}

# Creating a Managed Service for MySQL cluster

resource "yandex_mdb_mysql_cluster" "bitrix-cluster" {
  name               = "BitrixMySQL"
  environment        = "PRESTABLE"
  network_id         = yandex_vpc_network.network-1.id
  version            = "8.0"
  security_group_ids = ["${yandex_vpc_security_group.sg-mysql.id}"]

  resources {
    resource_preset_id = "s2.micro"
    disk_type_id       = "network-hdd"
    disk_size          = "10"
  }

  host {
    zone             = "ru-central1-a"
    subnet_id        = yandex_vpc_subnet.subnet-1.id
    assign_public_ip = false
  }

  host {
    zone             = "ru-central1-b"
    subnet_id        = yandex_vpc_subnet.subnet-2.id
    assign_public_ip = false
  }
}

# Creating a MySQL database

resource "yandex_mdb_mysql_database" "bitrix-db" {
  cluster_id = yandex_mdb_mysql_cluster.bitrix-cluster.id
  name       = "db1"
}

# Creating a database user

resource "yandex_mdb_mysql_user" "bitrix-user" {
  cluster_id = yandex_mdb_mysql_cluster.bitrix-cluster.id
  name       = var.mysql_user
  password   = var.mysql_password
  permission {
    database_name = yandex_mdb_mysql_database.bitrix-db.name
    roles         = ["ALL"]
  }
}

      2. bitrix-website.auto.tfvars user data file:

        bitrix-website.auto.tfvars
        folder_id      = "<folder_ID>"
vm_user        = "<VM_username>"
ssh_key_path   = "<path_to_file_with_public_SSH_key>"
mysql_user     = "<DB_username>"
mysql_password = "<DB_user_password>"

    For more information about the properties of Terraform resources, see the provider documentation:

  3. In the bitrix-website.auto.tfvars file, set the following user-defined properties:

    • folder_id: Folder ID.
    • vm_user: VM username.
    • ssh_key_path: Path to the file with a public SSH key to authenticate the user on the VM. For more information, see Creating an SSH key pair.
    • mysql_user: Username for connecting to the MySQL® DB. To complete this tutorial, specify user1.
    • mysql_password: User password to access the MySQL® DB. To complete this tutorial, specify p@s$woRd!.

  4. Create the resources:

    1. In the terminal, change to the folder where you edited the configuration file.

    2. Make sure the configuration file is correct using the command:

      terraform validate

      If the configuration is correct, the following message is returned:

      Success! The configuration is valid.

    3. Run the command:

      terraform plan

      The terminal will display a list of resources with parameters. No changes are made at this step. If the configuration contains errors, Terraform will point them out.

    4. Apply the configuration changes:

      terraform apply

    5. Confirm the changes: type yes in the terminal and press Enter.

Configure a server for 1C-Bitrix

To configure a server for 1C-Bitrix:

  1. Connect to the VM over SSH on behalf of the user specified when creating the VM, e.g., ubuntu:

    ssh ubuntu@<VM_public_IP_address>

    You can look up the VM's public IP address in the management console by checking the Public IPv4 address field under Network on the VM page.

  2. Install the required software:

    Note

    The below install commands are for Ubuntu. For other distributions, use the relevant commands of your packet manager.

    sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y apache2 libapache2-mod-php php-gd php-mbstring php-mysql

  3. Go to the project's working folder and download the 1C-Bitrix: Site Management distribution:

    cd /var/www/html/
sudo wget https://www.1c-bitrix.ru/download/business_encode.tar.gz

  4. Unpack the downloaded archive and delete unnecessary files:

    sudo tar -zxf business_encode.tar.gz
sudo rm -f index.html business_encode.tar.gz

  5. Make the www-data user the owner of the project's working folder:

    sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html

    Check the permissions and owners of the working folder:

    ls -l

    Result:

    total 40
drwxrwxr-x 7 www-data www-data  4096 Jun  8  2023 bitrix
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data  1150 Nov 30  2020 favicon.ico
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data  1353 Jun  8  2023 index.php
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data   268 Apr 17  2023 install.config
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data 12821 Mar 18  2022 readme.html
-rwxrwxr-x 1 www-data www-data   112 Mar 27  2013 readme.php
drwxrwxr-x 2 www-data www-data  4096 Jun  8  2023 upload

  6. For 1C to work correctly, configure the PHP settings. To do this, use the built-in nano editor and modify the following variables in the php.ini configuration file:

    sudo nano /etc/php/8.1/apache2/php.ini
    Previously Now
    short_open_tag = Off short_open_tag = On
    memory_limit = 128M memory_limit = 256M
    ;date.timezone = date.timezone = Europe/Moscow
    ;opcache.revalidate_freq =2 opcache.revalidate_freq =0
    ;session.save_path = "/var/lib/php/sessions" session.save_path = "/var/lib/php/sessions"

    The php.ini file path depends on the PHP version installed. The example shows the path for version 8.1. For 8.0, enter /etc/php/8.0/apache2/php.ini; for 8.2, /etc/php/8.2/apache2/php.ini, etc.

    Tip

    To find the parameter you need in the nano editor, press Ctrl + W. Find the required parameter from the table above and save the changes using Ctrl + O. To exit the editor, press Ctrl + X.

  7. Configure the Apache web server. To do this, edit the /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf configuration file.

    1. Open the file in the text editor:

      sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

    2. After the DocumentRoot /var/www/html line, add the following section and save the changes:

      <Directory /var/www/html>
  Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
  AllowOverride All
  Require all granted
</Directory>

    3. Restart the web server to apply all the updated settings:

      sudo systemctl restart apache2

After you run these commands, the server side will be configured for 1C-Bitrix to work correctly.

Configure 1C-Bitrix

Install and configure 1C-Bitrix:

  1. Open the 1C-Bitrix: Site Management web interface. To do so, in your browser, go to http://<VM_public_IP_address>/. This should open a page prompting you to install 1C-Bitrix.

  2. Click Next.

    Step 1

  3. Read the license agreement and select I accept the license agreement. Then click Next.

    Step 2

  4. Registration is optional, so you can uncheck the corresponding checkbox, but leave Install in UTF-8 encoding and click Next.

    Step 3

  5. 1C-Bitrix will check if the server is configured correctly. View the parameters on this page and click Next.

    Step 4

  6. Configure the database:

    1. In the Server field, enter the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the DB you created. To find out this name:
      1. In the management console, open the folder page in a new browser tab.
      2. In the list of services, select Managed Service for MySQL.
      3. In the window that opens, select the BitrixMySQL cluster you created earlier.
      4. Select the Hosts tab in the left-hand menu.
      5. In the Host FQDN field, hover over the host name (format: rc1c-cfazv1db********) and copy the database FQDN by clicking . The FQDN will be added to the host name, so the Server field should contain a name in rc1c-cfazv1db********.mdb.yandexcloud.net format.
    2. In the Username and Password fields, enter the data that you specified when creating the DB in Create a MySQL® DB cluster.
    3. In the Database name field, specify the name of the new database (db1).
    4. Click Next.

    Step 5

  7. Wait for the MySQL® DB to initialize.

    Step 6

  8. Create an administrator account authorized to make changes to your system. Fill in all the fields and click Next.

    Step 7

  9. Select the Information portal template and click Next.

    Step 8

  10. Confirm the selection of the only layout template available and click Next.

    Step 9

  11. Select a color and click Next.

    Step 10

  12. Fill in all the fields according to your website requirements and click Install to start the installation and configuration of all the system components. Wait for its completion.

    Step 11

  13. After a while, a notification page will open to inform you that the system is installed and configured. To start using the website, click Go to website.

    Step 12

  14. You can now start working with the ready-to-use web interface in content editing mode.

    Step 13

  15. To view the website home page as a user, exit your website administration mode. To do this, click Exit in the top-right corner of the page and go to http://<VM_public_IP_address>/.
    To return to edit mode, log in to the website using the administrator credentials you provided when configuring 1C-Bitrix.

    Step 14

How to delete the resources you created

To stop paying for the resources you created:

  1. Open the bitrix-website.tf configuration file and delete from it the description of the infrastructure you created.

  2. Apply the changes:

    1. In the terminal, change to the folder where you edited the configuration file.

    2. Make sure the configuration file is correct using the command:

      terraform validate

      If the configuration is correct, the following message is returned:

      Success! The configuration is valid.

    3. Run the command:

      terraform plan

      The terminal will display a list of resources with parameters. No changes are made at this step. If the configuration contains errors, Terraform will point them out.

    4. Apply the configuration changes:

      terraform apply

    5. Confirm the changes: type yes in the terminal and press Enter.

See also

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Overview