Creating static routes

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Updated at November 26, 2024

Note

The 0.0.0.0/0 default static route is used for VMs with public IP addresses. If you need to create a NAT instance, create it in a separate subnet.

Management console

CLI

Terraform

API

To create a route table and add static routes:

In the management console, go to the folder you need to create a static route in.
In the list of services, select Virtual Private Cloud.
In the left-hand panel, select Routing tables.
Click Create.
Enter a name for the route table. The naming requirements are as follows:
- The name must be from 3 to 63 characters long.
- It may contain lowercase Latin letters, numbers, and hyphens.
- The first character must be a letter and the last character cannot be a hyphen.
(Optional) Add a description of a route table.
Select the network to create the route table in.
Click Add a route.
In the window that opens, enter the prefix of the destination subnet in CIDR notation.
Specify the Next hop, which is an IP address from the allowed ranges.
Click Add.
Click Create a routing table.

To use static routes, link the route table to a subnet:

In the left-hand panel, select Subnets.
In the row with the subnet you need, click .
In the menu that opens, select Link routing table.
In the window that opens, select the created table from the list.
Click Link.

To create a route table and add static routes:

View the description of the CLI command for creating route tables:
```
yc vpc route-table create --help
```

Get the IDs of cloud networks in your cloud:

yc vpc network list

Result:

+----------------------+-----------------+
|          ID          |      NAME       |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| enp34hbpj8dq******** | yc-auto-subnet  |
| enp846vf5fus******** | routes-test     |
+----------------------+-----------------+

Create a route table in one of the networks:

yc vpc route-table create \
  --name=test-route-table \
  --network-id=enp846vf5fus******** \
  --route destination=0.0.0.0/0,next-hop=192.168.1.5

Where:

--name: Name of the route table.
--network-id: ID of the network the table will be created in.
--route: Route settings, which include these two parameters:
- destination: Destination subnet prefix in CIDR notation.
- next-hop: Internal IP address of the VM from the allowed ranges the traffic will be sent through.

Result:

...done
id: enpsi6b08q2v********
folder_id: b1gqs1teo2q2********
created_at: "2019-06-24T09:57:54Z"
name: test-route-table
network_id: enp846vf5fus********
static_routes:
- destination_prefix: 0.0.0.0/0
  next_hop_address: 192.168.1.5

To use static routes, link the route table to a subnet:

Get a list of subnets in your cloud:

yc vpc subnet list

Result:

+----------------------+------------------+----------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------+
|          ID          |       NAME       |      NETWORK ID      | ROUTE TABLE ID |     ZONE      |      RANGE       |
+----------------------+------------------+----------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------+
| b0cf2b0u7nhl******** | subnet-1         | enp846vf5fus******** |                | ru-central1-a | [192.168.0.0/24] |
+----------------------+------------------+----------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------+

Link the route table to one of the subnets:

yc vpc subnet update b0cf2b0u7nhl******** --route-table-id enp1sdveovdp********

Result:

..done
id: b0cf2b0u7nhl********
folder_id: b1gqs1teo2q2********
created_at: "2019-03-12T13:27:22Z"
name: subnet-1
network_id: enp846vf5fus********
zone_id: ru-central1-a
v4_cidr_blocks:
- 192.168.0.0/24
route_table_id: enp1sdveovdp********

With Terraform, you can quickly create a cloud infrastructure in Yandex Cloud and manage it using configuration files. These files store the infrastructure description written in HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL). If you change the configuration files, Terraform automatically detects which part of your configuration is already deployed, and what should be added or removed.

Terraform is distributed under the Business Source License. The Yandex Cloud provider for Terraform is distributed under the MPL-2.0 license.

For more information about the provider resources, see the documentation on the Terraform website or mirror website.

If you don't have Terraform, install it and configure the Yandex Cloud provider.

To create a route table and add static routes:

In the configuration file, describe the parameters of the resources you want to create:
- name: Name of the route table. The name format is as follows:
  - The name must be from 3 to 63 characters long.
  - It may contain lowercase Latin letters, numbers, and hyphens.
  - The first character must be a letter and the last character cannot be a hyphen.
- network_id: ID of the network the table will be created in.
- static_route: Static route description:
  - destination_prefix: Destination subnet prefix in CIDR notation.
  - next_hop_address: Internal IP address of the VM from the allowed ranges the traffic will be routed through.
Here is an example of the configuration file structure:
```
resource "yandex_vpc_route_table" "lab-rt-a" {
  name       = "<route_table_name>"
  network_id = "<network_ID>"
  static_route {
    destination_prefix = "10.2.0.0/16"
    next_hop_address   = "172.16.10.10"
  }
}
```
To add, update, or delete a route table, use the yandex_vpc_route_table resource indicating the network in the netword id field, e.g. network_id = "${yandex_vpc_network.lab-net.id}".

For more information about the yandex_vpc_route_table resource parameters in Terraform, see the provider documentation.
Make sure the configuration files are correct.
1. In the command line, go to the folder where you created the configuration file.
2. Run a check using this command:
```
terraform plan
```
If the configuration is described correctly, the terminal will display a list of created resources and their parameters. If the configuration contains any errors, Terraform will point them out.
Deploy cloud resources.
1. If the configuration does not contain any errors, run this command:
```
terraform apply
```
2. Confirm creating the resources: type yes in the terminal and press Enter.
  
  All the resources you need will then be created in the specified folder. You can check the new resources and their settings using the management console or this CLI command:
```
yc vpc route-table list
```

To create a route table and add static routes to it, use the create REST API method for the RouteTable resource or the RouteTableService/Create gRPC API call, and provide the following in the request:

ID of the folder the route table will reside in, in the folderId parameter.
Route table name in the name parameter. The name format is as follows:
- The name must be from 3 to 63 characters long.
- It may contain lowercase Latin letters, numbers, and hyphens.
- The first character must be a letter and the last character cannot be a hyphen.
ID of the network the route table will reside in, in the networkId parameter.
Destination subnet prefix in CIDR notation in the staticRoutes[].destinationPrefix parameter.
Internal IP address of the VM the traffic will be routed through in the staticRoutes[].nextHopAddress parameter. The IP address must be within the allowed range.

To use static routes, link the route table to a subnet. Use the update REST API method for the Subnet resource or the SubnetService/Update gRPC API call and provide the following in the request:

Network ID in the subnetId parameter.

To get the subnet ID, use the list REST API method for the Subnet resource or the SubnetService/List gRPC API call and provide the folder ID in the folderId request parameter.

To learn how to find out the folder ID, see Getting the folder ID.
Route table ID in the routeTableId parameter.
The name of the routeTableId parameter in the updateMask parameter.

Warning

The API method will assign default values to all the parameters of the object you are modifying unless you explicitly provide them in your request. To avoid this, list the settings you want to change in the updateMask parameter as a single comma-separated string.

Creating static routes

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