List of TTS supported phonemes
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Updated at March 31, 2025
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SpeechKit is designed for natural speech synthesis. Marking up data for speech synthesis helps set up pronunciation of separate words, phrases, and sentences. However, it is not intended for generating separate sounds and silence.
The markup in the text will serve as a cue for synthesis, not as a direct instruction.
TTS phonemes (wrapped in [[ ]]) are only supported for Russian (ru-RU), Uzbek (uz-UZ), and Kazakh (kz-KZ) languages.
Learn more about Russian, Uzbek, and Kazakh phonology.
List of supported Russian phonemes
| IPA | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Consonants | ||
b |
Velarized voiced bilabial plosive | бутон [bʊ'ton], кобра ['kobrə] |
bʲ |
Palatalized voiced bilabial plosive | бизнес [ˈbʲiznɛs], побелка [pɐˈbʲelkə] |
d |
Velarized voiced dental plosive | дар [ˈdar], Тбилиси [dbʲɪˈlʲisʲɪ], подвал [pɐdˈval] |
dʲ |
Palatalized voiced alveolar plosive | дикий [ˈdʲikʲɪj], дьяк [ˈdʲjak], надеть [nɐˈdʲetʲ], голытьба [gəlɨdʲˈba] |
f |
Velarized voiceless labiodental fricative | фантом [fɐnˈtom], вколоть [fkɐˈlotʲ], кофр [ˈkofr], плов [ˈplof] |
fʲ |
Palatalized voiceless labiodental fricative | филигранный [fʲɪlʲɪˈgranːɨj], Федор [ˈfʲɵdər], свекровь [svʲɪˈkrofʲ] |
g |
Voiced velar plosive | гром [ˈgrom], вокзал [vɐgˈzal], трогать [ˈtrogətʲ] |
ɡʲ |
Palatalized voiced velar plosive | герой [ɡʲɪ'roj], погиб [pəˈgʲip] |
j |
Palatal approximant | я['ja], вьюга ['vʲugə], пой ['poj] |
k |
Voiceless velar plosive | кость [ˈkosʲtʲ], стакан [stɐˈkan], почерк [ˈpot͡ɕɪrk], очаг [ɐˈt͡ɕak] |
kʲ |
Palatalized voiceless velar plosive | кино [kʲɪ'no], окись ['okʲisʲ] |
l |
Velarized alveolar lateral approximant | лук [ˈluk], полка [ˈpolkə], вол [ˈvol] |
lʲ |
Palatalized alveolar lateral approximant | лежать [lʲɪˈʐatʲ], полить [pɐˈlʲitʲ], боль [ˈbolʲ], пальба [pɐlʲˈba] |
m |
Velarized bilabial nasal | молоко [məlɐˈko], помыть [pɐˈmɨtʲ], ком [ˈkom] |
mʲ |
Palatalized bilabial nasal | мята ['mʲatə], знамя ['znamʲa], впрямь ['fprʲamʲ] |
n |
Velarized alveolar nasal | ноc ['nos], банан [bə'nan], стон ['ston] |
nʲ |
Palatalized alveolar nasal | няня ['nʲanʲə], конь ['konʲ] |
p |
Velarized voiceless bilabial plosive | папа ['papə], столб ['stolp] |
pʲ |
Palatalized voiceless bilabial plosive | письмо [pʲɪsʲˈmo], кипеть [kʲɪˈpʲetʲ], скорбь [ˈskorpʲ] |
r |
Velarized alveolar trill | рама ['ramə] порог [pə'rok], спор ['spor] |
rʲ |
Palatalized alveolar trill | рис ['rʲis], погреб ['pogrʲep], корь ['korʲ] |
s |
Velarized voiceless alveolar fricative | сомнения [sɐˈmnʲenʲɪjə], коса [kɐˈsa], груз [ˈgrus] |
sʲ |
Palatalized voiceless alveolar fricative | серьги [ˈsʲerʲgʲɪ], поседеть [pəsʲɪˈdʲetʲ], изморозь [ˈizmərəsʲ] |
ɕː |
Long voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative | щит ['ɕ:it], расщепить [rəɕːɪˈpʲitʲ], овощ ['ovəɕ] |
ʂ |
Voiceless post-alveolar fricative | шорох [ˈʂorəx], обошли [ɐbɐˈʂlʲi], еж [ˈjɵʂ] |
t |
Velarized voiceless dental plosive | танк ['tank], устал [ʊ'stal], плед ['plʲet] |
tʲ |
Palatalized voiceless alveolar plosive | тётя ['tʲotʲə], спать ['spatʲ] |
t͡s |
Velarized voiceless dental affricate | царь ['t͡sarʲ], яйцо [jɪjˈt͡so], конец [kə'nʲet͡s] |
t͡ɕ |
Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate | часто [ˈt͡ɕəstə], почистить [pɐˈt͡ɕisʲtʲɪtʲ], обруч [ˈobrʊt͡ɕ] |
v |
Velarized voiced labiodental fricative | важный [ˈvaʐnɨj], поворот [pəvɐˈrot] |
vʲ |
Palatalized voiced labiodental fricative | весы [vʲɪ'sɨ], подвал [pəd'val] |
x |
Voiceless velar fricative | хам [ˈxam], переход [pʲɪrʲɪˈxot], мех [ˈmʲex] |
xʲ |
Palatalized voiceless velar fricative | химия ['xʲimʲə], стихи [stʲɪ'xʲi] |
z |
Velarized voiced dental fricative | звон ['zvon], позор [pə'zor] |
zʲ |
Palatalized voiced alveolar fricative | зима [ˈzimɐ], позеленеть [pəzʲɪlʲɪˈnʲetʲ], просьба [ˈprozʲbə] |
ʐ |
Voiced post-alveolar fricative | жернова [ʐɨrnɐˈva], пожелтеть [pəʐɨlˈtʲetʲ], жалко [ˈʐalkə] |
| Vowels | ||
ə |
Schwa: any vowel sound in a posttonic syllable (the one that follows the stressed syllable) or in a non-first pretonic syllable (any one preceeding the first pretonic syllable)1 | патока [ˈpatəkə], молоко [məlɐˈko], переговоры [pʲərʲəɡɐˈvorə], мама [ˈmamə], ноты [ˈnotə], имя [ˈimʲə], поле [ˈpolʲə], звуки [ˈzvukʲə] |
a |
Open front unrounded vowel | алый [ˈalɨj], память [ˈpamʲɪtʲ], вянуть [ˈvʲaznʊtʲ], еда [jɪˈda] |
ʌ |
Near-open central vowel | орфография [ɐrfɐˈɡrafʲɪjə], каток [kɐˈtok], азот [ɐˈzot] |
ɛ |
Open-mid front unrounded vowel | эму ['ɛmʊ], песня ['pʲesnʲə], каре [kə'rɛ] |
i |
Close central unrounded vowel | истина ['istʲɪna], книга ['knʲiga], ручьи [rʊ't͡ɕji] |
ɪ |
Near-close front unrounded vowel | игла [ɪˈgla], энциклопедия [ɪnt͡sɨklɐˈpʲedʲɪjə], ленивый [lʲɪˈnʲivɨj], никто [nʲɪkˈto], кони [ˈkonʲɪ] |
ɨ̞ |
Close central unrounded vowel | жирный [ˈʐɨrnɨj], костры [kɐˈstrɨ] |
ɔ |
Close-mid back rounded vowel | оторопь ['otərɐpʲ], корт ['kort], окно [ək'no] |
u |
Close back rounded vowel | узкий [ˈuskʲɪj], юг [ˈjuk], сумерки [ˈsumʲɪrkʲɪ], приду [prʲɪˈdu], дежавю [dɛʐɐˈvʲu] |
ʊ |
Near-close back rounded vowel | куркума [kʊrˈkumə], в реку [v] [ˈrʲekʊ], рисую [ˈrʲɪˈsujʉ] |
1 If you do not like the ə sound for ы, try changing it to the stressed ы.
2 If you do not like the sound of the non-stressed у, try changing it to the stressed у.
List of supported Uzbek phonemes
| IPA | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Consonants | ||
b |
Voiced labial plosive | bor, mablag |
p |
Voiceless labial plosive | pocha, tuproq, mubtalo, kanop, kitob |
d |
Voiced dental plosive | davlat, badnom, tatbiq |
t |
Voiceless dental plosive | tirik, atrof, badtar, obod |
ɡ |
Voiced velar plosive | gap, globus |
k |
Voiceless velar plosive | kam, tag |
q |
Voiceless uvular plosive | quv, oqlash, qalpoq |
ʁ |
Voiced uvular fricative | gʼisht, togʼda, togʼ |
χ |
Voiceless uvular fricative | xabar, toʼxtamoq |
h |
Voiceless glottal fricative | har, ahvol, jarroh |
ʔ |
Voiceless glottal plosive (stop) | sanʼat, baʼzan, aʼlo, mʼano |
dʒ |
Voiced postalveolar affricate | zhabr, rivozh |
tS |
Voiceless postalveolar affricate | chunki, kechrok, yogoch |
ʃ |
Voiceless postalveolar fricative | shavkat, mashgʼul, rivojlanish |
ʋ |
Labial / labio-dental approximant | vazir, davlat, palov |
f |
Voiceless labiodental fricative | faiz, atrof |
z |
Voiced alveolar fricative | zakan, mazmun |
s |
Voiceless alveolar fricative | sabap, izchil, birpas, kuz |
m |
Labial nasal | mana, tomdirmoq, bodom |
n |
Velar nasal | nazorat, bilan |
ŋ |
Velar nasal | boring, yongʼoq |
ɾ |
Alveolar tap | ravish, qoʼrdik, bastakor |
ɫ |
Alveolar lateral approximant | lab |
j |
Palatal approximant | yogʼoch, aytmoq, majburiy |
| Vowels | ||
i |
Close front unrounded vowel | qilaman, ohir |
e |
Mid front unrounded vowel | besh |
æ |
Open front unrounded vowel | gap, kerak |
a |
Open central unrounded vowel | azob, gʻarb, qant |
ʊ |
Close back rounded vowel | bu, tur |
o |
Mid back rounded vowel | oʼzining, yoʼqol |
ɑ |
Open back rounded vowel | olim, bosh, metro |
List of supported Kazakh phonemes
| IPA | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Consonants | ||
ɾ |
Voiced alveolar tap | retinde, kirw, Qaŋtar |
b |
Voiced bilabial plosive | birneşe, şeber |
v |
Voiced labiodental fricative | vïdeo, ïnterval1 |
ɡ |
Voiced velar plosive | gör, degen |
ʀ |
Voiced uvular fricative | ğumır, alğan |
d |
Voiced alveolar plosive | dep, adam |
ʒ |
Voiced postalveolar fricative | jılı, täjirïbe, täj |
z |
Voiced alveolar fricative | zat, nazar, öz |
j |
Palatal approximant | yörer, aytw, sonday |
k |
Voiceless velar plosive | küşti, ekide, kerek |
q |
Voiceless uvular plosive | qayda, qasqa, mıltıq |
l |
Dentoalveolar lateral approximant (velarised ) | layıq, twralı, ol |
ɫ |
Alveolar lateral approximant | lezde, bölim, bel |
m |
Voiced bilabial nasal | mıs, emes, soqtım |
n |
Voiced alveolar nasal | negizinde, jäne, mümkin |
ŋ |
Voiced velar nasal | ŋgime, jaŋa, özenniŋ |
p |
Unvoiced bilabial plosive | pikir, jospar, bolıp |
ɾ |
Voiced alveolar trill | rwx, burw, jer |
s |
Unvoiced alveolar fricative | süyedim, nesi, jas |
t |
Unvoiced alveolar plosive | tayaw, beti, at |
f |
Unvoiced labiodental fricative | forma, ïnflyacïya, tarïf1 |
h |
Unvoiced glottal fricative | häm, şahar |
x |
Unvoiced velar fricative | xatşı, rwxında, tarïx |
tʃ |
Unvoiced alveolar affricate | çex, oçerk, matç1 |
ʃ |
Unvoiced postalveolar fricative | şeşe, aşçı, ağaş |
ʔ |
Palatalisation signifier | rel**’ef, ctïl’**2 |
| Vowels | ||
w |
Close-mid back rounded vowel | wızday, jolawşı, jürw |
u |
Close back rounded vowel | ul, jeruyıq, bu |
ʊ |
Mid-centralised close back rounded vowel | tün, soltüstik |
ɵ |
Close-mid central rounded vowel | köl, jekkörinişti |
o |
Close-mid back rounded vowel | bolw |
ɑ |
Open back unrounded vowel | bas, qabaq, jïırma |
a |
Open front unrounded vowel | alaŋ, adam, jayında |
æ |
Near-open front unrounded vowel | dän, kinälaw, beykünä |
ə |
Mid-central unrounded vowel | ıqılas, qatırw, jılı |
e |
Close-mid front unrounded vowel | jel, qızmet, özgeşe |
ɪ |
Mid-centralised close front unrounded vowel | din, kökirek, türi |
1 Used mainly in loan words.
2 Used mainly in loan words in the same way as the soft sign in Russian.